A person with dementia may often go walking about — frequently called "wandering". That term is a little unhelpful, as it suggests aimlessness, whereas people with dementia who walk about usually have a reason for it. Many of us enjoy a walk; it's good exercise and good for our mental health, and people with dementia are no different.
Because dementia affects orientation and memory, someone may repeatedly walk around the house, or leave and become unable to find their way home. It can be a sign of an unmet need — and understanding that need often helps, even if the person can't tell you what it is.
Common reasons for walking about
- Memory loss and confusion
- Relieving pain or restlessness
- Boredom and a lack of activity
- Continuing a lifelong habit and staying independent
- Feeling lost, or looking for someone or something
People often become confused about time, perhaps getting up and dressing in the middle of the night — a large, clear clock can help, as can looking at what might be disturbing sleep, such as caffeine, alcohol or meal timing. Exercise during the day often improves sleep.
Reducing risk while protecting independence and dignity
- Create a circular path in the garden with points of interest along the way
- Find out about local groups that may offer support
- Accompany your loved one out, making sure they're dressed for the weather
- Make sure they carry identification — sewn into a jacket or bag, or as a bracelet — and add an ICE (In Case of Emergency) contact to their phone
- With their consent, consider a GPS tracking device
- Door alarms and sensors can help — some even play a message asking the person not to leave
- Distracting them with an activity, even an everyday task, can help
Never use medication such as sleeping tablets to stop someone waking at night — strong doses can cause falls, worsen memory and lead to incontinence. Avoid locking doors to keep someone in, too; it can be extremely dangerous in an accident or fire.
If the person goes missing
- Stay calm, and do a brief "open door" search of the home, grounds and outbuildings
- If they are still missing, call 999 immediately and tell the police
- Think about places they like or have often visited, as they may have gone there
- Keep a recent photograph to help identify them
When they return, don't react angrily — be reassuring if they were anxious, and take care of yourself too. It is also worth completing the Herbert Protocol in advance: a form listing information that helps the police locate a missing person quickly.
Regular care visits for companionship can really help someone with dementia stay safe and independent. If you'd like Gardiner's to help, please get in touch.
